Domino Blockchain
Revolutionizing SocialFi:
Building a High-Speed
Blockchain with 100,000 TPS
About a Project
Domino takes 5 innovative approaches to solve the seemingly insolvable trilemma of blockchain to develop a blockchain that is scalable, secure, decentralized. The scalability is achieved without relying on any layer 2 solutions or sharding.
Project goals
To create a brand new blockchain based on Solana, improving its scalability and transactions throughput.
Business Challenge
Domino Blockchain aims to revolutionize the blockchain industry by solving the trilemma of scalability, security, and decentralization through innovative technologies such as Proof of Time (PoT) algorithm, Fast Byzantine Agreement (FBA) consensus, and decentralized storage.
It can handle up to 100,000 transactions per second, with 0.2-second block times, without layer 2 solutions or sharding. This enables an ecosystem of decentralized applications including a global peer-to-peer payment system, decentralized exchange, DeFi, and gaming.
Transactions
per second
Block time
in seconds
Final validation
time inseconds
Project Challenges
Our goal was to replace Solana’s consensus with a VRF-based one, which required converting an existing VRF implementation in C to Rust. We also researched consensus architecture on Solana, as well as VRF and Fast Byzantine Agreement.
We determined where to implement VRF and Fast Byzantine Agreement, and studied how input parameters affect the results of binomial CDF. Finally, we proposed and implemented an acceptance test to check the resulting state of a blockchain after a series of test transactions.
Redsteep thrives on research and development. Our work with the Domino Blockchain project is a testament to this approach. By conducting in-depth research into existing blockchains, we devised an improved architecture and made informed technology choices, delivering a superior, high-speed blockchain solution that exceeded client expectations.
Work done
Project Introduction & Preliminary Research
Our team has recently embarked on an ambitious project to develop an innovative blockchain system, leveraging existing architectures to create a more versatile and robust platform. We began with a thorough investigation of established blockchains like Solana and Algorand. This research, focusing primarily on the intricacies of their consensus algorithms, guided our development roadmap.
Improving Solana consensus mechanism
Domino uses a special Proof of Stake (PoS) algorithm called Fast Byzantine Agreement (FBA) as consensus for block production and validation to achieve transaction finality in 3.5 seconds. To achieve this, we refined Solana’s consensus mechanism by using a ported Verifiable Random Function (VRF) library to the Rust programming language.
Enhancing Language Support & Flexibility
Recognizing the need for more extensive language support for blockchain development, we replaced the Solana Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) with WebAssembly (WASM) – inspired by Polkadot’s framework – to increase our platform’s flexibility.
Domino Virtual Machine and Smart Contract
Our team is developing the Domino Virtual Machine (DVM), built to be WASM-compliant with floating point operations removed for consensus algorithms. DVM will support Solidity, enabling easy migration of any existing Ethereum smart contract code to Domino. We’re also planning to design a visual programming tool that can create smart contracts with a drag-and-drop UI, which will greatly increase the adoption rate, especially for those without programming experience.
Operational Enhancement & Testing
In parallel, we upgraded our Virtual Machine (VM) by adding GPU components, and ran our blockchain, Domichain, on a node with CUDA support. This gave us an operational boost, enabling us to carry out testing on the AWS Cloud. Our test cluster successfully underwent an acceptance test, and we documented our findings, providing valuable insight into the functioning of our new consensus mechanism.
Deployment on AWS
Wrote deployment scripts and deployed the Domino blockchain on AWS.
User-Friendly Blockchain Exploration: Explorer & Wallet
We created a Blockchain explorer forked from Solana’s explorer to ensure efficient and user-friendly searches for blocks, accounts, transactions, programs, and tokens. We also developed a wallet app as both an APK and a browser extension — DWallet. In addition, we developed a wallet adapter to connect DApps to DWallet, and also created a test DApp for the full cycle.
Localization Strategy
Localization is an essential part of our strategy, aiming to extend the reach of our platform. Wallet is now available in English, Korean and Chinese, meeting the demands of these significant markets.
Looking Ahead
Going forward, we’ll continue to work with Domino to refine and expand our platform. While we’ve encountered challenges – such as the technical complexities of porting libraries and learning – we are committed to continuous improvement and innovation.»
Technology we used
(both Rust
and Go)
JavaScript
At Redsteep, we’re firmly product-oriented. We carefully balance development with strategic planning, ensuring our products meet market demands. The Domino Blockchain project showcases this commitment as we prioritized scalability and throughput, aiming to deliver a product that’s relevant and user-friendly.
Work process
Understanding project goals
Our development process commenced with a comprehensive requirement gathering stage, where we defined the tasks, objectives, and desired outcomes for our blockchain project.
Discovery and Planning
To ensure we were on the right track, we engaged in a thorough Discovery phase, which involved investigating existing blockchain technologies and analyzing market trends. The data obtained during this phase enabled us to craft precise functional requirements, acting as a roadmap for our development journey.
Costing and Collaboration
We provided an estimate for the project’s duration and cost, and in close collaboration with our customer, we coordinated the work format. Given the exploratory nature of our project, requiring substantial research and development, it was crucial to balance between innovation and timelines — a challenge we successfully tackled.
Agile Development
Our development journey was organized into weekly sprints, punctuated by a weekly demo to showcase progress. Regular planning sessions were conducted, covering both research and development aspects of the project.
Stakeholder Communication
Our development journey was organized into weekly sprints, punctuated by a weekly demo to showcase progress. Regular planning sessions were conducted, covering both research and development aspects of the project.
Looking Forward
Our development journey was organized into weekly sprints, punctuated by a weekly demo to showcase progress. Regular planning sessions were conducted, covering both research and development aspects of the project.
Customer Review
The Redsteep team demonstrated a strong ability in research and implementation, enabling the Domino project to achieve its business goals within the agreed-upon time frame and budget. With a phased approach, they focused on the most important part of the consensus for validators during Phase 1 and successfully completed it within a few months.
The team was highly responsive to questions and feedback, and also assisted Domino with testing Phase 1 in AWS cloud, providing troubleshooting and configuration support. The Domino team will continue to engage Redsteep for further development and highly recommends their services to other projects seeking their expertise.
